ABSTRACT
Torpor refers to a state in which the metabolic activity in the body of the living animal is greatly reduced during the period of reduced food supply, which is manifested as a substantial decrease in body temperature, metabolic level, and exercise level. Mammals have a strict body temperature regulation system to maintain a constant body temperature. When the energy supply is insufficient for a long time, some mammals will enter a hibernation state. Torpor is very similar to the hibernation state. The research on the mechanism of torpor state is of great significance in aerospace, military medicine and other fields. This review summarizes the specific mechanisms regulating the occurrence of torpor from four aspects: adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (adcyap) neurons, leptin, pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide (QRFP) neurons, and sympathetic nervous system, aiming to provide ideas for further research on the mechanism of torpor.
ABSTRACT
Space traveling is imperative for mankind in the future. Expectedly, hibernation will become an option for space traveler to overcome the endless voyage. With regard to some of the studies pointed out that during hibernation, muscle will undergo atrophy and meantime neurogenesis will reduce, these obstacles were frequently related with stem cell regeneration. Thus, investigation on whether hibernation will lead to dysfunction of stem cell becomes an important issue. By going through four main systems in this article, such as, hematopoietic system, skeletal muscle system, central nervous system and orthopedic system, we are expecting that stem cells regeneration capacity will be affected by hibernation. To date, these researches are majorly the read-out from short term or seasonal hibernating mammals. Proposing and creating a simulated long-term hibernation animal model is turning essential for the further investigation on the effect of longer period of hibernation to human stem cells.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Adult Stem Cells , Arousal , Atrophy , Central Nervous System , Hematopoietic System , Hibernation , Mammals , Models, Animal , Muscle, Skeletal , Neurogenesis , Orthopedics , Regeneration , Seasons , Stem Cells , TorporABSTRACT
O texto tem como objetivo principal refletir sobre a maneira como se opera a metamorfose do humano, proposta por Ciampa, quando imerso em um estado de exceção numa sociedade capitalista. Nesse sentido, partimos primeiramente da análise das concepções de Giorgio Agamben a propósito do conceito de estado de exceção, supondo que elas possam servir de paradigma para pensar sobre os diferentes aspectos da política contemporânea e seus reflexos nas relações sociais. Em seguida, passamos à discussão do conceito de identidade proposto por Antônio da Costa Ciampa com seu sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação. Os conceitos de muçulmano e de vida nua, de Agamben, também são apresentados, estabelecendo relações entre os dois autores.
The aim of this article is to think about the way as there takes place the metamorphosis of the human proposed by Ciampa, one when immersed in a state of exception in the capitalist society. In this sense, we leave firstly from the analysis of the conceptions of Giorgio Agamben with regard to the concept of State of Exception, supposing that they could serve of paradigm to think the different aspects of the contemporary politics and his reflexes about the social relations. Next, we pass the discussion of the concept of Identity proposed by Antonio da Costa Ciampa with his Sintagma: Identity-metamorphosis-emancipation and we relate of these concepts to the Agamben concepts like Muselmann or the Naked Life.
El principal objetivo de este texto es refletir sobre la forma cómo se opera la metamorfosis del humano como propuesto por Ciampa cuando imerso en un Estado de Excepción en una sociedad capitalista. En este sentido, en primer lugar se inicia el análisis de las concepciones de Giorgio Agamben sobre el concepto de Estado de Excepción, suponiendo que puedan servir de paradigma para pensar acerca de los diferentes aspectos de la política contemporánea y sus efectos en las relaciones sociales. Después pasamos a la discusión del concepto de identidad propuesto por Antonio da Costa Ciampa con su sintagma: Identidad-metamorfosis-Emancipación y vamos relacionarlo con los conceptos Agamben tales como musulmán o la vida Nua.
L'objectif principal du texte est de réfléchir à la manière dont la métamorphose de l'homme, propo-sée par Ciampa, immergée dans un état d'exception dans une société capitaliste. En ce sens, nous partons de l'analyse des conceptions de Giorgio Agamben sur le concept d'état d'exception, en supposant qu'elles peuvent servir de paradigme pour réfléchir aux différents aspects de la politique contemporaine et à ses réflexes dans les relations sociales. Nous passons ensuite à la discussion du concept d'identité proposé par Antônio da Costa Ciampa avec son syntagme identité-métamorphose-émancipation. Les concepts de la vie musulmane et nue, d'Agamben, sont également présentés, établissant des relations entre les deux auteurs.